Some bowel conditions that cause runny poos (such as Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis) or surgeries (such as gastric bypass surgery) can raise your risk of forming calcium oxalate stones. You may be eating foods that increase your risk of forming a stone or not eating enough of the foods that help prevent further stones. Work with your healthcare provider to find out whether your diet is a factor. What you eat can also affect your chance of forming a kidney stone. Water is best to drink, but what matters most is getting enough fluid. This usually means drinking about 3 litres. Adults who form kidney stones should drink enough fluid to make at least 2.5 litres of pee every day. If you do this, you will reduce your risk of further stones. Increasing fluid intake dilutes salts in your pee. Concentrated pee means there is less fluid to keep salts dissolved. When pee volume is low, it is concentrated and dark in colour. It often results from loss of body fluids from not drinking enough, especially when doing hard exercise, or working or living in a hot place. This is the most common cause of kidney stones. Cystinuria (too much cystine in pee) is a rare, inherited metabolic disorder. These stones are related to urinary tract infections (UTIs).Ĭystine is an amino acid that is in certain foods and is one of the building blocks of protein. Struvite stones are not a common type of stone. About 1 of 10 stones is a uric acid stone. Uric acid crystals do not dissolve well in acidic pee and instead will form a uric acid stone. Uric acid is a waste product that comes from chemical changes in the body. Calcium oxalate is by far the most common type of calcium stone. There are 2 types of calcium stones: calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate. How they are treated depends on what type of stone you have.Ĭlick the image below to visit the website, scroll down to see the video 'what are kidney stones', then click play.Ĭalcium stones are the most common type of kidney stone (8 out of 10 stones are calcium stones). You can develop one kidney stone or several at the same time. They can vary in size, location (where in the kidneys they are placed), types and colours. Kidney stones can block the flow of pee and cause infection, kidney damage or even kidney failure. They form in your kidney or in the tube that leads from your kidney to your bladder, known as the ureter. They can be as small as a grain of sand or as big as a golf ball. Kidney stones are solid crystals formed from the salts in your pee.
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